ISSN(Print): 2709-9636 | ISSN(Online) : 2709-9644 | ISSN-L : 2709-9636

Makhz (Research Journal)

An Open access,Open Archive, Double-blind Peer Review, Multidisciplinary Journal

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(2021) Volume 2, Issue 3

Akhir-e-Shab Key Humsafar, A Unique and complete Novel by Qurrat-ul-Ain Haider
Authors:
  1. Dr. Asma Rani
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Govt. Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur
  2. Dr. Aqsa Naseem Sindhu
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Govt. Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur
Abstract: Qurrat-ul-Ain Haider is one of the most outstanding, influential literary Urdu fiction writers. She is known for her novels, short stories, and academic writings. She was something unique that happened to urdu literature.Her literary works include twelve novels and novellas and four collection of short stories.The fourth novel in Qurrat-ul-Ain Haider's literary work was Akhir-e-Shab Ke Humsafar (A novel on the Naxalite Movement and Bengal unrest) was published in 1979. In the novel with utmost ease she narrated the harsh realities of life. A complete summary of the novel by the author will be presented in this article. The article would illustrate how, with confidence, she successfully explained to her readers the complicated issues of politics, history, economics, and culture.
Keyswords: Qurrat-ul-Ain Haider's, Novel, Communism, Revolution, Independence
Pages: 1-9
Article: 1 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)1
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)1
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Recognition of Concentration Vision in Urdu Novel
Authors:
  1. Nazia Parveen
    Scholar PhD, Govt. College Women University, Faisalabad
  2. Dr. Tahira Iqbal
    Professor, Department of Urdu, Govt. College Women University, Faisalabad
Abstract: Focalization is the relationship between the scene and the perception of a character. This connection is the significant part of the content of a story. The current study foregrounds that either the incidents in story line are narrated by the writer or a particular character’s performance exposes the series of events. This technique helps the readers to apprehend the given content. The entire situation becomes more evident through conceptual knowledge. Moreover, all the elements of association are necessary for better understanding. This article has explained focalization in selected Urdu novels
Keyswords: Focalization, Relationship, Significant, Foregrounds, Performance, Technique, Knowledge
Pages: 10-27
Article: 2 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)2
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)2
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The place of Dr. Wazir Agha in the view of his contemporaries and Critics (Some Important lovers of Dr. Wazir Agha)
Authors:
  1. Safina Begum
    Ph.D Scholar, Govt. College Women University Faisalabad
  2. Prof. Dr. Tahira Iqbal
    Professor, Department of Urdu, Govt. College Women University, Faisalabad
Abstract: Dr. Wazir Agha performed great deeds in poetry, criticism and literary journalism. He is included in one of those literary personalities of present age whobecom recognition of their age. A research and critical study has been given of whatever has been written on his thinking and creativity. It includes books, treatises, magazines, essays and research thesis. The place of Dr. Wazir Agha in the view of his contemporaries and critics. An effort is made to determine the status and place of Dr. Wazir Agha in the view of some important lovers of Dr. Wazir Agha namely Dr. Anwar Sadeed, Dr. Haroon-ur-RasheedTabassum and Dr. AbidKhurshid, Dr. Manazir Ashiq Harganvi, Dr. Nasir Abbas Nayyar.
Keyswords: Dr. Wazir Agha, Literary personalities, critics, status, important, lovers
Pages: 28-37
Article: 3 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)3
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)3
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Asar Sahbai’s Literary Services
Authors:
  1. Naseer Ahmed Asad
    Ph.D Scholar, University of Sargodha
  2. Dr. Ghulam Abbas Gondal
    Professor, University of Sargodha
Abstract: Asar Sahbai Khwaja was born at Sialkot. He was the junior advocate of Quaid-e-Azam. His poetic work consists of various types of poetry He was greatly impressed by Allama Iqbal like other poets. He has used many poetic devices and topics of Allama Iqbal in his poetry. His poetry has been published in many leading Journals of sub-continent. Theology religion, morality, Sufism, love of nature, classics and Kashmiriat are the main topics of his poetry. This article covers the services of Asar for Urdu literature in a comprehensive way.
Keyswords: Junior, Advocate, Poetic, Consists, Poetry, Topics, Published, Religion, Morality, Sufism, Love, Nature
Pages: 38-51
Article: 4 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)4
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)4
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Role of Urdu Essayist Women in Reformation (1898 to 1930) Research Review
Authors:
  1. Farzana Iqbal
    Ph.D Research Scholar, Department of Urdu, University of Peshawar
  2. Dr. Badshah Munir Bukhari
    Associate Professor, Department of Urdu, University of Peshawar
Abstract: The journey of women essayists in Urdu can be traced back to about a century ago. They served for social reforms and services through their art. These essays are true reflection of women’s dedication towards attaintnent of knowledge and research spirit.Due to the work of women essayist the female lot of India got interested in literature and arose with a new vigor for letting their hidden potentialities come forth.These women, Through their essays attained the goal of preserving their culture. They accomplished the task of social reformation imbibing the spirit of a positive mindset to their essays. Their writings are a reflectionofsocial norms, language tools, conventions and true literary expressions of the era which they wrote in. Their pieces of writings are mirror to the colorful phenomena, attitude and human sentiments of the times. Female education, rights of women, social awareness and moral valueswere some of the core themes of their essays. Nerveless, the essays of female’s writerscouldn’t attain the light of popularity for a long spam of time. Like other genres of Urdu literature this essay writing by the women lot is also associated with “Taraqi Pasand Tehreek” Which is undoubtedly a serious misunderstanding. So the essay presented forth brings out a brief analysis of female essay works from 1898 to 1930 with relevance to their literary, political, social, religious and cultural achievements.
Keyswords: Journey, Essayists, Social Reforms, Reflection, Literature, Preserving
Pages: 52-67
Article: 5 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)5
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)5
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Idiom and Colloquial: Definition, Features, Formation and Differences
Authors:
  1. Romana Ijaz
    Ph.D Scholar, Department of Urdu, Govt College for Women University, Faisalabad
  2. Dr. Zamurd Kousar
    Associate Professor, Department of Urdu, Govt College for Women University, Faisalabad
Abstract: This study discusses different definitions, characteristics and utility of idiom and colloquial in the context of Urdu language. Historical evolution in the formation of Urdu idiom has also been traced out and the journey of Urdu idiom from Amir Khusrau is reevaluated. The paper also evaluates the significance of the idiom as guardian of the tradition of language owing to its capacities of permanence and continuity. In the light of definition of the idiom the methods of understanding of its meanings and origin have been derived with special reference to Urdu language. The paper also assesses the differences and similarities of colloquial with idiom. It concludes that the idiom’s basic structure remains unchanged with minor changes in respect of the time, situation, speaker and listener. It is also found out that difference of figurative meanings mentioned in different collections of Urdu idioms is due to taking specific or broad meanings of any word or concept related with that particular idiom. Moreover, idiom is different from colloquial due to emphasis on its figurative meanings.
Keyswords: Definitions, Characteristics, of Idiom, Colloquial, Urdu Language
Pages: 68-80
Article: 6 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)6
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)6
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The Tradition of Legendary Literature in Gujrat District in the Twentieth Century
Authors:
  1. Mudassar Iqbal
    Ph.D Scholar, Department of Urdu, Federal Urdu University, Islamabad
  2. Dr. Syed Aoun Sajjid
    Department of Urdu, Federal Urdu University, Islamabad
Abstract: In literature, District Gujrat has its own individuality. Many renowned personalities took birth in this area of Greek. The most prominent figures among these are Abdullah Hussain and Anwer Masood. With above mentioned personalities, there are also many other literary personalities like Deputy Nazir Ahmed Dhelvi, and Syed Abid Ali who belong to this particular area. I have spent much of my time in this area. According to my experience, Gujrat could not maintain his own individuality as a literary center because Lahore and Rawalpindi took its literary figures in their laps. Some resided in big cities to seek their means of earning. Those who remained were waiting for their luck to shine. Lahore holds an important place with special reference to literature that is why literary activities have always been at peak there. Many movements took birth there, which had revolutionized the literary field, much research has been done on these organizations but despite being a rich literary place, Gujrat could never get this credit of being a prominent place from the literary point of view.
Keyswords: Abdullah Hussain, Nadar Log, Saif ur Rehman Safi, Khita Yunaan, Prof. Zuhair Kunjahi, Navel, Afsana, Shoaib Sadiq, Sang e Mar Mar
Pages: 81-97
Article: 7 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)7
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)7
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The Role of Education and Performnce in Islamic Mysticism: A Historical Study
Authors:
  1. Dr. Anwar ullah
    Lecturer, Department of Islamic Studies, University of Okara
  2. Dr. Imtiaz Ahmed
    Lecturer, Department of Islamic Studies, University of Okara
  3. Dr. Rizwan Younas
    Department of Islamic Studies, University of Gujrat
Abstract: A large part of this Muslim Ummah is a believer in Sufism and Sufis. The popularity of Sufism has been evident, especially in the Indian subcontinent, as it is a proven historical fact that Sufis have been the first preachers of Islam in this region. In this society, Sofia's social and spiritual services are unforgettable. In the recent past, some scholars and researchers have started calling Sufism and Sufis an anti-Islamic movement. They are mentioned in various books in Urdu and other languages. The research paper under review sheds light on the historical background of Sufism. This research paper examines the views of different scholars and explores the relationship between Sufism and Islam. This research article will guide future researchers in investigating various aspects of Islamic mysticism.
Keyswords: Mysticism, Education, History, Islam, Urdu Language
Pages: 98-122
Article: 8 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)8
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)8
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Farhang Kuliyat Mir Farid Ahmad Barkati
Authors:
  1. Gul Baz
    PhD Scholar, University of Sargodha
  2. Prof. Dr. Ghulam Abbas Gondal
    Department of Urdu, University of Sargodha
Abstract: “Farhang i Kuliyat i Meer” prepared by Farid Ahmad Barakati is a major work on the poetry of Meer Taqi Meer in genre of glossary. In contains most of word, compounds, idioms and figurative points of verses. He writes vocabulary meanings, poetic meanings and sometimes central idea of verse. He points out the words not used now a day. He also mentions the words and idiomatic expression: generally not opted for poetic expression but Meer arranged them delicately. It is a major work and most important one among the glossaries of classical Urdu poetry.
Keyswords: Meer, Barakati, Farhang, Expressions, Glossary, Poetry, Meaning, Classical, Idiomatic
Pages: 123-129
Article: 9 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)9
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)9
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Movement Launched by Dar-ul-Ishait-i-Punjab for Women’s Rights
Authors:
  1. Rukhsana Kausar
    Scholar Ph.D Urdu, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
  2. Dr. Humaira Irshad
    Professor, Ex. Head of Departnemt of Urdu, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
Abstract: Survival of a nation lies in equal contribution of men and women in social, economic and cultural progress and prosperity. Women were deprived of their fundamental rights. As a reaction, women initiated a movement called Feminism for their rights in Europe in the nineteenth century. Molvi Mumtaz Ali started a publishing firm, Dar-ul-Ishaiat-i-Punjab at Lahore in 1898. Its publications especially weekly magazine "Tehzeeb-un-Niswan" played a vital role in the movement of feminism in the sub-continent. It inspired women to write articles on their various issues and rights. Their writings were published in Tahzib-un-Niswan. It motivated women to contribute writing journals, articles, novels, housekeeping manuals, cook books, books of etiquette, prose and poetry
Keyswords: Feminism, Publishing Firm, Publications, Inspiration, Contributions, Articles, Women, Rights
Pages: 130-146
Article: 10 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)10
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)10
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Influence of Mushtaq Ahmed Yousufi on Dr. Waheed-ur-Rehman Khan's Humorous Prose
Authors:
  1. Qasim Ali
    Scholar Ph.D Urdu, Government College University Faisalabad
  2. Dr. Mamuna Subhani
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Government College University Faisalabad
Abstract: In Urdu literature, satire and humor are found both in poetic and prosaic structures. It comes into existence as a result of social discrimination and ludicrous reaction. When the horse of power is out of control and no one dares to face it, it becomes necessary to take support from satire and humor. That is to say, satire and humor is a world sunk into the ocean of tears, society gripped in reconciliations, day-to-day new assaults of social values, bitter realities of life; it is an art to accept cruel truths and painful calamities and interestingly present them. As compared to other genres of literature, satire and humor are somewhat distinctive which gives it a different identity. Satire and humor is an art based on two basic and different elements; it springs by molding realities into joys and by committing to memory the common joys of life. Satire and humor in connection with Urdu literature just like the other genres of literature have their origin from the Persian language. In Urdu literature, there have been much unparalleled humorists who are themselves the identity of humor rather than the humor itself like Mirza Assadullah Khan Ghalib, Pitrus Bukhari, Rasheed Ahmed Siddiqui, Kanayah Laal Kapoor, Ibrahim Jalees, Shafiq-ur Rehman, Shaukat Thanvi, Ibn-e Insha, Mohammad Khalid Akhtar, Colonel Muhammad Khan, and Mushtaq Ahmed Yousafi, etc. Mushtaq Ahmad Yousafi, the greatest humorist of the recent time has synchronized the tradition of satire and humor of Urdu literature in such a skilled and introspective way that it strikes the perception of everyone. He has expanded the treasure of Urdu humor in such a manner that levels it with international literature; he has gives the standard to satire and humor, not to speak of exceeding that standard even Yousafi could not exceed it; its evidence lies in his collections “AAbe Gum” “Shaame Shere Yaaraan.” He has created such humorous literature that the tradition of Urdu humor will continually be indebted to him. The creations of Yousafi have not only given a new style and color to Urdu literature but also affected the humorists of the present era as well. This think-piece delves deep into these contemplative and skillful effects of the humor of Mushtaq Ahmad Yousafi and how he affected his contemporary humorist Dr. Waheed Ul Rehman and put effects on his literary creations
Keyswords: Literature, Humor, Mushtaq Ahmad Yousfi, Waheed-ul-Rehman, Authority, Treasure, Satire
Pages: 147- 160
Article: 11 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)11
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)11
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Humanitarian Role in Urdu Novel Tradition before Independence
Authors:
  1. Muhammad Sameer
    Scholar Ph.D Urdu, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur
  2. Dr. Mazhar Abbas
    Assistant Professor, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur
Abstract: Humanism was a system of belief in Italy in 13th and 14th centuries and later spread in all over Europe.In the age of Renaissance humanism introduce the revival of classic literature and poetry.Later that in French and Russian revolution the meaning of humanism changed to the well being of people who deprived from different reasons.After the world war 1st and 2nd the humanism concepts are defined in shape of Secularism, Marxism, Religious, Existentialism and Neo-humanism.Literature especially urdu novel shows its thoughts and ideas for the well being of human.So this term known as human character or Insaan Dost.Before partition urdu novel has its own human character which are conceptual in term of humanism
Keyswords: Human, intellect, well being, secularism, Marxism, religion, society, Existensialism
Pages: 161- 176
Article: 12 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)12
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)12
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Bahawalpur fiction writers share women's part in Urdu post-Independence
Authors:
  1. Ejaz Naseem
    Ph.D Scholar, Department of Urdu & Iqbaliyat, Islamia University, Bahawalpur
  2. Dr. Liaqat Ali
    Associate Professor, Department of Urdu & Iqbaliyat, Islamia University, Bahawalpur
Abstract: The land of Bahawalpur is an important part of Pakistan. This excellent historical inheritance is situtated in the heart of Pakistan. This territory has its own separate recognition in the light of knowledge and literature. The beginning of Urdu prose in Bahawalpur was begun by Mirza Muhammad Ashraf Gorgani’s Shama Shami, Bin Basi Rustam. While Ali Ahmad Riffat, Mahmood Ali Fasoon and Hnayat Tareen explored the literary tradaition by writing their fictions. After the establishment of Pakistan, men and woman partricipated actively in the Urdu fiction. Besides the men writers of fiction, there is a large list of women writers, who in comparison with men writers, wrote while taking quality and quantity into account. They not only discussed the problems of women but also written fiction while taking into account the techniques of art and artifice. In this research article after the independence of Pakistan. The women writers of fiction of Bahawalpur will be analyzed
Keyswords: Fiction, Woman short story, Bahawal Pur, Excellent Historical Inheritance, The Literary Tradatian, After independence
Pages: 177-190
Article: 13 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)13
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)13
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Novel and History----Similarities and Differences
Authors:
  1. Muhammad Ashraf
    Ph.D Scholar, Department of Urdu, University of Sargodha
  2. Dr. Khalid Nadeem
    Department of Urdu, University of Sargodha
Abstract: Novel and History are though different sources of knowledge but there is a deep relation between them. This relation provides the base of creative sense in literary works. Both Novel and History play their role to highlight the different aspects of a society in particular era. Both the Novelist and the Historian try to elaborate the colors of human life in different ways. In this article the similarities and the differences between Novel and History are being discussed. There are so many differences are found between the both which established a line of difference very clearly
Keyswords: Nowel, History, Discourse, Subjective, Objective, Creative Sense
Pages: 191-204
Article: 14 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)14
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)14
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Prof. Latif uz Zaman Khan: An Introduction
Authors:
  1. Muniba Zahra Naqvi
    PhD Scholar, University of Sargodha
  2. Dr. Shoaba Mueed
    Department of Urdu, University of Sargodha
Abstract: Latif uz Zaman Khan belonged to Rajputana state of Rajhistan (India). In the aftermath of partition upheavel, he migrated to Pakistan in 1948 and got settled in Karachi.He did Masters in English literature from University of Karachi and embarked upon his career as an educationist. Despite teaching English literature throughout his career, the deepest love for mother tongue (Urdu) never departed his heart. He is famous in literary circles for his research work on Ghalib and Rashid Ahmad Siddiqi.Along with it his meritorious services in the fields of translation, research, editing, letter writing, column writing and character sketching are praiseworthy.
Keyswords: Latif uz Zaman, Rajputana, Migrated, Pakistan, Masters in English, Mother Tonge, Urdu, Galib, Rasheed Ahmed Siddiqui, Letter Writing
Pages: 205-220
Article: 15 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)15
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)15
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The concept of Love and Beauty in Joun Elia’s Poetry
Authors:
  1. Maqsood Ahmad
    Ph.d Research Scholar (Urdu), Qurtuba University Peshawar
  2. Dr. Majid Mumtaz
    Assistant Professor (Urdu), University of Kotli Azad jamu and Kashmir
  3. Dr. Tehseen Bibi
    Associate Professor (Urdu), Qurtuba University Peshawar
Abstract: Joun Elia is one of the well- known names of modern Urdu poetry. He introduces the modern trends of Urdu poem and ode in poetry .He expressed his thoughts on different topics and gave a new touch and express to his thoughts. His poetry describes the concept of “love and beauty” with new trends. This article is going to describe and discuss. The different aspects of Joun Elia poetry with special reference to love and beauty
Keyswords: Thougts, History, Philosphy, Nostalgia, Fanciful Paradise, Poetic Features, Soft Tempers, Sensitiveness, Epoch Issues
Pages: 221-230
Article: 16 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)16
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)16
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A Stylistics Review of a "Naat" of Dr. Ehsan Akbar
Authors:
  1. Shaukat Mahmood Shaukat
    Ph.D Research scholar (Urdu), AIOU, Islamabad
  2. Dr. Abdul Sattar Malik
    Lecturer, Department of Urdu, AIOU, Islamabad
Abstract: Professor Dr. Ehsan Akbar (1938) is a renowned Poet, critic, researcher and a professor of Urdu Language and literature. He wrote many beautiful Lyrics and poems. Some of his Lyrics and poems became famous in the history of Urdu Literature. Now a day, he is mostly writing the, “Naatia” poetry. Resultantly, his “Naatia” poetry book, titled as “Tahoor” has come in to existence in April, 2021. In this Article, a stylistics review of one of his “Naat” has been taken, which is included in his quoted “Naatia” book “Tahoor”.
Keyswords: Naat, Ahsan Akbar, Tahoor, Prosody, Couplets, Style and Stylistics
Pages: 231-239
Article: 17 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)17
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)17
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A Critical Study of "YA KHUDA" with respect to Feminism
Authors:
  1. Dr. Nazia Younis
    Assistant Professor, National University of Modern Languages, NUML Islamabad
Abstract: YA KHUDA is a master piece writing of legendary Qudrat ullah Sahab. He is famous for his SAHABNAMA, a bio-ghaphy. YA KHUDA is, in fact, highlighting the brutal attitude of power players, during the partion of August 1947. At the same time, it is also deal with the Feministic discussions. This research article is a related to this aspect
Keyswords: Feminism, Qudrat ullah Sahab, Dilshad, Partition of 1947, women rights, Research Articles
Pages: 240-250
Article: 18 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)18
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)18
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Urdu Novels and Fundamentalism in reference of "Angan"
Authors:
  1. Dr. Muhammad Bilal
    Lecturer, Govt., Associate College (Boys) Chakri Rawalpindi
  2. Dr. Majid Mumtaz
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, University of Kotli AJ&K
  3. Maqsood Ahmad
    Lecturer, University of Buner KPK
Abstract: ‘Fundamentalism’ is usually ascribed to religious affiliation of individuals. It is an approach or a trend to evaluate individuals’ actions or behavior in religious background. It has acquired level of top trends in every walk of life, be it media, arts, industry or literature. Since last few decades it has spread around the globe regardless of any discrimination between poor and rich, developed, and undeveloped countries or regions. Another prominent feature of ‘fundamentalism’ is that it is not delimited to any particular social or religious group rather without any discrimination of religion, nation, or education it prevails everywhere. Current research paper sets out to investigate elements of ‘fundamentalism’ in a very popular classical Urdu novel ‘Tuzkarra’ written by Khadija Mastoor. The study delineates that none of the characters including Hindus, Sikh, or Muslims are free from this social trait. Thus, this is a social evil which by no means can be associated with any particular religion. The author has objectively studied all the characters and themes presented in this noel to present an unbiased picture to the readers.
Keyswords: Fundamentalism, religious, media, arts, literature, discrimination, education, popular, Urdu novel
Pages: 251-258
Article: 19 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)19
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)19
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Haneef Naqvi’s Editins Services
Authors:
  1. Nazir Ahmad
    Scolar Ph.D Urdu, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
  2. Dr. Abrar Abdul Salam
    Professor, Emerson University Multan
Abstract: Hanif Naqvi was a very careful researcher and editor of Urdu Language and Literature. He re-edited ‘ Maasr-e-Ghalib’ edited by Qazi Abdul Wadood. ‘Tazkira e Shuray Sahswan’ edited by Abu Al- Kamal Hakeem Syed Ejaz Ahmed Moijz and Hayat-Ul-Ulma, edited by Maulana Syed Abdul Baqi with great care and diligent. He has taken great care in these treatments and has added valuable corrections to the works of his predecessors. In view of his work, it can be claimed that he has made new directions in the Urdu compilation tradition. In addition, linguistic and spelling rules and regulations have been fully complied with in ‘ Maasr-e-Ghalib’ , He has made important additions and corrections to Ghalib’s habits, Ghalib’s life, period of Ghalib and as well as linguistic spelling matters.
Keyswords: Haneef Naqvi ki Tadveni Khidmat, Research Articles
Pages: 259- 273
Article: 20 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)20
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)20
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A Comparative Analysis of Intellectual and Literary Contribution of Syed Masood Ijaz Bukhari
Authors:
  1. Syed Mujassam Hussain Sha
    Ph.D. Scholar (Urdu), Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar
  2. Waqas Faryad
    Ph.D. Scholar (Urdu), Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar
  3. Dr. Tahseen Bibi
    Associate Professor (Urdu), Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar
Abstract: Syed Masood Ijaz Bukhari is the most significant name of modern Urdu Poet. His intellectual and creative concerns have a socio-cultural backdrop depicted through Pakistani civilizations. It entailed the elementary sketch of his thought and poetry and provides us the outline of all most all the fundamentals ideas which become the building blocks of his poetic pursuits. This article attempts to trace the contours of Syed Masood Ijaz Bukhari creative concerns in their broader aspects. Syed Masood Ijaz's intellectual and literary services in the broadest sense of the importance of poetry and song, imagination, thought and speech in human life and society. They seem to have a deep thought that makes personal symbols impersonal and universal. For this reason, the mental distance between the reader and the poet is maintained. Which, if determined or eliminated, limits the symbolic value of poetry. But where this distance remains indefinite, the symbolic value of creation increases and a new interpretation is possible. Due to these characteristics, Syed Masood Ijaz Bukhari has a unique status.
Keyswords: Identity, Supremacy, Relationship, Responsible, Individuality, Resentment, Nature, Culture
Pages: 274-285
Article: 21 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)21
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)21
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Narrative Art in Rasheed Amjad's Fictions
Authors:
  1. Waqas Faryad
    Ph.D. Scholar (Urdu), Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar
  2. Maqsood Ahmad
    Lecturer, University of Buner KPK
  3. Dr. Tahseen Bibi
    Associate Professor (Urdu), Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar
Abstract: Rasheed Amjad is one of the most authority’s names in the world of Urdu literature in terms of fiction, which has enriched Urdu Fiction with its masterpieces. He is considered one of the most prominent fiction writers of modern time. He known for his fictional style, allegorical narrative, mythology, deep attachment of the land, Pakistani mythology, Islamic elements, retrieval of the past, beautiful expression of symbols and a beautiful combination of modernity. Rasheed Amjad has used various narrative experiments in his fictions and has created successful fictions in Pakistani Urdu fiction. Each of his fictional narration seems to be a new experiment. Rasheed Amjed’s fiction has simple narratives in terms of style. His fictions explore new topics and talk about newness. They use a unique narrative style in their fiction and have a special individuality. A special kind of poetry, a sense of romance, the formation of narrative with the help of metaphors, symbolic expression and deviation from direct prose expression are the hallmarks of his style. These are just some of the goal setting shareware that you can use. In this fiction, he deviates from the direct prose narrative, uses metaphors to form the narrative, and adopts symbolic expression.
Keyswords: Urdu Fictions, Literature, Narrative, Symbolism, Narratology, Structuralism, Nature, Culture
Pages: 286-292
Article: 22 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)22
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)22
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Role of the Monthly

Authors:
  1. Naseer Ahmad
    Ph.D Scholar, Department of Urdu, University of Sargodha
  2. Dr. Sumaira Ijaz
    Department of Urdu, University of Sargodha
Abstract: Translation is an important linguistic and creative action. Tradition of translation can be found out in the different languages of literary world. Urdu Language and Literature is also embellished with the tradition of translation. Its initial literary work is standing on the foundation of translation. To promote Urdu translation, Urdu magazines played a key role. So when in May 1929 Monthly "ADBI DUNYA" was published then along with other genres, translations were also published, in which both type of genres i.e. poems and prose included. It was the main objective of the propagation of "Adbi Dunya" to transfer the literature of developed languages into Urdu. In "Adbi Dunya" the literary genres which were introduced are Fictions, Dramas, Essays, Poems and Songs. All the published translations took part an important role for the betterment and expansion of Urdu language and literature. Due to these translations Urdu literature has become a good capitalist among the treasures of all other developed languages. In perspective of Fun and Technique Urdu Fiction improved. Urdu poetry also got liberty from unnatural restrictions. Resultantly, now Urdu language has tremendous capability to represent every type of academic and literary concepts.
Keyswords: Translation, Linguistic, Creative Action, Developed, Capability
Pages: 293-305
Article: 23 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)23
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)23
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The Uniqueness of Iqbal's Diverse Scholarly Themes and Style of Urdu Prose
Authors:
  1. Shazia Gull
    Scholar Ph.D (Iqbal Studies), AIOU, Islamabad
  2. Professor Dr. Shahid Iqbal Kamran
    Department of Iqbal Studies, AIOU, Islamabad
Abstract: The Urdu text of Iqbal is serious and diverse. Iqbal’s style of Urdu writing is impressive and varied. Iqbal’s Urdu text is also notable in term of eloquence and colorful language. Since the subject of Iqbal’s Urdu writing are different so are the form of his, But there is also a look at the typical language and color full statement. Since the subjects of Iqbal’s Urdu writing are different, so are his writing styles. Iqbal chooses his style according to his subject. He writes his essays in a lively and interesting way. Demonstrating a deep awareness of sociology in Quami- Zindagi. In his last article Iqbal expresses his views in religious, political and social way. Iqbal also writes prose in his letters according to his mind, knowledge and status of his addresses. Iqbal imagination gives life to lifeless words. This article discusses these diverse features of Iqbal’s Urdu prose
Keyswords: Scholarly prose, writing style, romantic prose, fiction, plaintiff writing
Pages: 306-317
Article: 24 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)24
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)24
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An Analytical Study of Deewan-e-Ghalib Edited by Malik Ram (1957)
Authors:
  1. Muhammad Ramzan
    Ph.D Scholar, Department of Urdu, AIlama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
  2. Dr. Zafar Hussain Zafar
    Associate Professor, Department of Urdu, AIlama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
Abstract: Ghalib lies at a prominent place in Urdu poetry. His Urdu Diwan was edited five times during his life while it was edited enormously by different research scholars after that. Among all these editions, the Diwan edited by Malik Ram gets an important and prominent position due to its critical concepts and featuring, as it includes almost all the verses of Ghalib. The second prominance was obtainted by “Nuskha Arshi."
Keyswords: Manuscript, Deewan-e-Ghalib, Mutadawal Deewan-e-Ghalib, Personal Manuscript, Difference among manuscript, Text
Pages: 318-335
Article: 25 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)25
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)25
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Code Mixing and Code Switching in Sociolinguistics: Basic Discussions
Authors:
  1. Dr. Nazia Malik
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, NUML, Islamabad
Abstract: The scientific study of language is called linguistics. Literature has a deep connection with linguistics. Language is a social function which is why it is called a branch of linguistics, sociolinguistics. The study of language in the context of sociolinguistics in context. Sociolinguistics actually depends on multilingual and multilingual topics and our country Pakistan is a multilingual country in terms of national and regional. People used to mix several languages during the conversation and do code mixing and code switching. In particular, the mixture of English language is considered a source of pride and English language is the religion of colonial societies. Now English language has been absorbed into Urdu language and has become a part of it. Code mixing and code switching is present in every society and language of the world. Due to this, languages are moving towards progress and decline. Written to explain Western techniques.
Keyswords: Sociolinguistics, Code Mixing, Code Switching, Colonial, Bilingual, Multilingual, English Language, Intervention, Mixing, Western Term, External Sentence, Inner Sentence
Pages: 336-347
Article: 26 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)26
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)26
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Elements of Biography in Hajj Travelogues of Female Writers
Authors:
  1. Toshiba Saeed
    Research Scholar, Department of Urdu, Hazara University, Mansehra
  2. Dr. Muhammad Sufian Safi
    Associate Professor, Department of Urdu, Hazara University, Mansehra
  3. Dr. Muhammad Rehman
    Assistant professor, Department of Urdu, Hazara university, Mansehra
Abstract: Travelogue is an important form of Urdu literature. Like other languages travelogues have been written with great interest in Urdu language, the involvement of females in this area is quite worthy. Female writers have also written travelogues and thus the unique travelogues of female writers were published. In these travelogues hajj travelogues have been included in large number, in which interest of females in religion and following of religious rules is different from male writers, as travelogue have the quality to absorb other forms of literature. So, female hajj travelogues have the impact of biography, life history, letter writing, storytelling, poetry and short story.
Keyswords: Travelogue, language, literature, quality, religion, interest, female, biography
Pages: 348-356
Article: 27 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)27
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)27
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Travelegues of Syed Masood Hassan Shahab Dalvi: Some New Discoveries
Authors:
  1. Dr. Saira Irshad
    lecturer, Department of Urdu, Govt Sadiq college women university Bahawalpur
  2. Dr. Mutahir Shah
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
  3. Syed Azwar Abbas
    Lecturer, Department of Urdu, Hazara university Mansehra
Abstract: There is a deep connection between literature and life. A successful writer can grasp the realities of life on the strength of his observation while the travelogue is compiled in view of this characteristic. He was born in 1971. He served as Information Officer in Pakistan after the partition of IndiaSyed Masood Hassan Shehab launched the weekly Elham and the literary magazine Al-Zubair of Bahawalpur. His works came to light. The travelogue "Safar Hi Safar" contains nine journeys of Syed Masood Hassan Shehab Dehlavi. In these travels, where experiences and observations are reflected, their internal and external conditions are also fully reflected. Undoubtedly, Syed Masood Hassan Shahab Dehlavi has proved himself as a travel writer
Keyswords: Insights, History and Civilization, Imagery, Squeak, Common Sense, Partition of India, Migration
Pages: 357-372
Article: 28 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)28
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)28
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Ghalib’ Persian Masnavi “Charagh e Dair” Creative incentives: A Study
Authors:
  1. Nazakat Hussain
    Scholar Ph.D Urdu, Department of Urdu, Sarhad University Peshawar
  2. Dr. Irshad Shakir Awan
    Chairman, Department of Urdu, Sarhad University Peshawar
  3. Dr. Mutahir Shah
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
Abstract: Where Charag e Dair presents a nice precedence of Indo Muslim civilization, there, it is also a strong argument of Ghallib’ attachment with religion. Ghalib heartily confesses Banaras’s religious significance. The man who has so much attachment with, Hindus, religious centre, what to speak of his lovable degree with his religious and real spiritual centrs of Makkah and Madina. Take it a bad luck of Urdu literature that despite intensive aspiration, he could no go for pilgrimage. Ghalib’s journey to Banaras, religious importance of Banaras, spiritual surrounding there of and captivity of curly hair a beautiful lass are some of extremely significant creative incentives of Masnavi Charag e Dair.
Keyswords: Calcutta, Fruitfulness, City of attraction, Master piece, Romance, Tragedy, Comedy, Temple, National Harmony, Spiritualism, Imagery. Captivity, Creative incentives.
Pages: 373-384
Article: 29 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)29
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)29
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Problems of Rural Women of Punjab In Urdu Novel
Authors:
  1. Dr. Amna Batool
    Head Deptt of Urdu, Govt Post Graduate College For Women, Sargoda
  2. Syed Azwar Abbas
    Lecturer Urdu, Hazara University, Mansehra
  3. Jawaria Zafar
    Mphil Urdu Scholar, The Women University Multan
Abstract: Women has a vital role in human society. Women are playing important tasks all over the world. Despite of the facts, women are still facing unfavorable environment especially in our rural areas. This situation reveals that woman of our society has limited opportunities to move forward. Although overall circumstances are changing with the passage of time, but there is much to do, particularly in rural areas for acceleration of woman role.
Keyswords: Punjab, Rural Women Problems, Novel
Pages: 385-395
Article: 30 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)30
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)30
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Reformable Debates in Modern Naat: A Critical Study
Authors:
  1. Tanveer Azam
    Ph. D Scholar, Department of Urdu, Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad
  2. Professor Docto Ifzal Ahmad Anwar (Supervisor)
    Ex. Head of Urdu Department, Govt. College University Faisal Abad
Abstract: Literally, Naat recitation falls into the category of praise. After Allah Almighty the Holy Prophet (PBUH) is worthy of all praise. It is such an astonishment that the pen, inspite of all its flight, expression, all its ambiguities and all its exaltations, seems incapable of fulfilling its right. How can there be arrogance and pride where the right of praise is no paid? Praise and lyricism are due to a mixture of exaggeration, while in the court of the Prophet (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon Him) there is no room for flattering style, exaggerated manner of praise and educational self expression. The limits of praise are defined in Islamic teachings. In Naat, truthfulness is not only necessary but also obligatory, because it is mentioned by Allah Almighty. Care must be taken for the Naat reciter that it is not only a question of keeping in view the requirements of genre of speech, but also a question of the integrity of faith. Scholars set the boundaries of each genre of speech, but the rules of Naat are set with reference of the Creator, so the praiser should be careful and thankful. Despite precautions, there are aspects left in Urdu Naat in which there is still room for improvement. With this in mind, this article identifies the aspects that need to be reformed and also points out some ways to improve them. Hopefully this can lead to improvement.
Keyswords: Urdu Naat, Precautions, Creator, Self Expression, identifies
Pages: 396-408
Article: 31 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)31
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)31
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A Comparative Overview of the Two-dimensional Translations of the Kalam e Bahu
Authors:
  1. Sajid Mehmood
    PhD research Scholar, Deptt of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
  2. Dr. Muhammad Rahman
    Assistant Professor, Deptt of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
  3. Dr. Mutahir Shah
    Assistant Professor, Deptt of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
Abstract: Hazrat Sultan Bahu is counted among the prominent Sufi elders of the Subcontinent. He was a famous Sufi poet whose poetry is in Persian and Punjabi languages. His poetry is a treasure of moral and sufi ideas. The collection of Punjabi poetry of Sultan Bahu has been published as “Abyaat- e- Bahu”. Two of these translations have special significance. One of them is translation by Abdul Hamid Bhatti, named Abyaat-e- Sultan Bahu, published by Anjuman-e-Taraqi Urdu Pakistan in 1968, and another is Aks-e-Bahu by Masood Qureshi, published from Lok Warsa Islamabad in 1980. These two translations have been critically analyzed and compared in this article and virtues and flaws of these translations have thoroughly been discussed.
Keyswords: Hazrat Sultan Bahu, Translations, Critically, Flaws, Significance, Treasure
Pages: 409-421
Article: 32 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)32
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)32
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Ritual and Superstitious Elements in the Short Stories of Wajda Tabassum
Authors:
  1. Dr. Ghulam Asghar
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, I.U.B
  2. Dr. Tahir Abbas
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, I.U.B
  3. Dr. Wasif Iqbal Siddiqui
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, I.U.B
Abstract: Ritual and Superstitious Elements in the Short Stories of Wajda Tabassum Wajida Tabassum is remembered among women fiction writers because she has written fiction for people of all classes and ages. Common sense language is used in their beautiful form. In them, women's issues and men's psychology have been presented in great depth. In addition, social inequalities, class divisions, sexual tensions, quarrels, ordinary domestic quarrels, love affairs between teenage boys and girls, and the creation of thirteen dark streets are the subject of his fiction. Wajida's fictions, which are closer to reality, are evidence of his deep observation. In this article authors tried to present Ritual and superstitious elements in the short stories of Wajda Tabassum.
Keyswords: Wajida Tabbassum, Urdu Fiction, Short Stories, Ritual elements, superstitious elements
Pages: 422-433
Article: 33 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)33
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)33
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Urdu Editing (Connotation, Scope and Tradition
Authors:
  1. Kashifa Begum
    Ph.D Scholar, Department of Urdu, Govt. College University, Faisalabad
  2. Dr. Mamuna Subhani
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Govt. College University, Faisalabad
Abstract: “Tadveen of Urdu Texts during the 20th century has been carried out simultaneously and often con-currently at various centers of learning in different cities and provinces/ states in India and Pakistan. In the article I discussed the desirability and appropriateness of recording the history the tadveen-e-matan by the method of “Dabistan” treating different centers i.e., Deccan, Lahore, Karachi, Delhi, Lucnow, Ram Pur and Patna etc., where it was carried out, as a whole describing their history as well as characteristics and evolution. This method provides the historian a suitable and appropriate approach to record the history and evolution of Tadveen in urdu without confusing the chronological sequence and differentiating characteristics of different centers.
Keyswords: Text, Research, Editing, Correction, Textual Criticism
Pages: 434-450
Article: 34 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)34
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)34
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Novel "Gran"The representative of Three Civilizations
Authors:
  1. Dr. Muhammad Kamran Shahzad
    Lecturer, Punjab College Sargodha
  2. Dr. Naeema Bibi
    Teaching and Research, Department of Urdu, International Islamic University Islamabad
Abstract: In the novel Garaan by Tahira Iqbal, the theme of Potohar and British society and tradition has been portrayed. In the Rural culture of Potohar, the engagements of the children by the elders of the tribes, then waiting for the fiances and the marriages of the boys to educated girls, have been narrated in detail. Moreover; the life style of the young people, going to Britain from potohar has been discussed minutely. Along with all these themes, the change in the lifestyle of the potohar society after gaining the wealth and then shifting of the eastern girl to The Britain maintaining her eastern values, have also been illustrated primarily. In the lasst of the novel, the Arab culture and tradition has also been discussed in detail.
Keyswords: Potohari Tradition, Western civilization, Arabic culture
Pages: 451-460
Article: 35 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)35
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)35
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Literature, Writer and Pakistaniat’s Understanding and Application
Authors:
  1. Dr. Asma Amanat
    Assistant Professor, Govt. Graduate Islamia College for Women, Lahore Cantt, Lahore
  2. Dr. Ashiq Hussain
    Director, Public Instruction (Colleges), Punjab, Lahore
Abstract: Literature of any country cannot be created beyond its historical, ideological and cultural values. In the same way, it is essential for Pakistani literature to interpret and communicate the ideological, historical, and cultural values of Pakistan. Which unites Pakistanis on the basis of Pakistaniat. In such a situation, the writer has a huge responsibility to try to make the crowd a nation with the literature he has created. Critics say the writers did not feel their responsibility as the circumstances demanded.
Keyswords: Pakistaniat, Ideological, Writer, Literature, Historical, Cultural
Pages: 461-477
Article: 36 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)36
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)36
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Early Urdu Travelogue Various Aspects of Resistance
Authors:
  1. Tasleem Somra
    Ph.D Scholar, Department of Urdu, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan
  2. Dr. Shazia Umbrin
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan
Abstract: By the close reading of some early Urdu traveler texts in the context of colonialism, we understand that how colonizer established then sustained and strengthened their cultural project of control in Hindustan, then the reaction of colonized was not in single form but heterogeneous. Its heterogeneity could be understood through the Theory of “Hybridity”. The concept of Hybridity could be understood by the critical thoughts of Robert. J. C young and Home K Bhabha as well.
Keyswords: Cultural Project of control, colonizer, colonized, contravention, heterogeneity, Hybridity
Pages: 478-484
Article: 37 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)37
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)37
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Study of Mehakti Dharti Sulagti Sansein in the Context of National Poetry
Authors:
  1. Dr. Bismina Siraj
    Assistant Professor, Urdu Department, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Peshawar
  2. Dr. Robina Rashid
    Lecturer, Urdu Department, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Peshawar
  3. Nabila Shaheen
    M.Phil. Scholar, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Peshawar
Abstract: A sensitive poet is known for expressing his era’s thoughtful and emotional sentiments in his poetry besides his personal feelings and beliefs. Human’s desire freedom as it is their natural instinct. In the modern era, patriotic song writers are hard to find. Patriotic poetry has been limited to only radio and television poetic contests but Dr. Shahida Sardar is one such poetess from KPK who has published her patriotic poetry. Following is an analytical review of her patriotic poetry.
Keyswords: Sensitive, Sentiments, Freedom, Natural, Instinct, Patriotic
Pages: 485-491
Article: 38 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)38
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)38
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Punjan’s annexure with the East India Company and the resultant Socio-Political Condition (1849-57
Authors:
  1. Dr. Zaheer Wattoo
    Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Punjabi, GC University Lahore
  2. Dr. Shabnam Ishaq
    Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Punjabi, GC University Lahore
  3. Dr. Safeer Hyder
    Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Punjabi, GC University Lahore
Abstract: This study is an attempt to highlight the socio-political situation of Punjab from 1849 to 1857. East India Company used propaganda tools to create an illusion that Punjab stood by them in the War of Independence. In reality, however, Punjab fought against them due to a multiplicity of reasons- which are also the main contours of Punjab’s socio-political scenario of the above mentioned era. The era - as has been developed in this study - is characterised by land settlement quite contrary to the aspirations of the locals apart from the establishment of roads and other means for the transportation of commodities - alongside the connected heavy taxation. Furthermore, the locals were alienated from their culture, religion, language and customs which resulted in the uprooting of the social, cultural and linguistic roots which can be felt even to this day. The thesis has been established with the help of primary resources on the issues which are an antidote to the British propaganda on the topic.
Keyswords: Punjab, East India Company, Board Of Administration, Education, Litrature, Land sattelment
Pages: 492-512
Article: 39 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)39
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)39
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Dr. Alem Khan’s Short Stories
Authors:
  1. Rao Muhammad Umar
    Visiting Faculty, GC University, Lahore
  2. Dr. Syeda Misbah Rizvi
    Assistant Professor, GC University, Lahore
  3. Dr. Almas khanum
    Assistant Professor, GC University, Lahore
Abstract: Alem Khan is a renowned progressive thinker, educationist and fiction writer.”Ghulam jimson ka noha” (Elegy of slaves) is the compilation of his short stories. Progressive consciousness, romantic and poetic diction, symbolic way of narration and subjective point of view are the main qualities which make these short stories unique. These short stories depict the themes of class discrimination, issues of lower class, identity crisis, meaninglessness, nothingness and fear.
Keyswords: Short stories, Progressive consciousness Elegy of slaves fear, Nothingness, Meaninglessness, Subjectivism, Symbolism, Anxiety, Identity crisis
Pages: 513-526
Article: 40 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)40
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)40
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Fehmida Riaz…Rag Rag Tilmilathay Raqs ki Zuban
Authors:
  1. Dr. Muhammad Awais Qarni
    University College for boys, University of Peshawar
  2. Dr. Wali Muhammad
    Department of Urdu, University of Peshawar
  3. Dr. Nadeem Hassan
    Department of Urdu, University of Chitral
Abstract: Fehmida Riaz was among the front rank of poets was born in India and migrated to Karachi with her parents. She published several books of poetry includes Badan Dareeda,Dhoop,Meri Nazmein and Pattar ki Zuban. She became a symbol of resistance in Zia’s era and was arrested but later she fled to India and gained asylum there. Her poetry consists of feministic thoughts, revolutionary tone and critical nature. In this research paper the researchers have shed light on her tone and revolutionary view of point.
Keyswords: Poetry, feminism, revolution, truth, political aspects, tone and style
Pages: 527-538
Article: 41 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)41
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)41
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A study of political and cultural elements and trends by Urdu fiction writers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors:
  1. Dr. Badshah Munir Bukhari
    Department of Urdu, University of Peshawar
  2. Naveed Ali Khan
    Ph.D Scholar, Department of Urdu, University of Peshawar
Abstract: The structure of social life stands on the pillars of politics, society, literature and civilization. All these references are very effective and powerful but the political reference is very important because the changes that take place in politics have political and social and cultural implications and changes. These changes bring good results and benefits, at the same time, human life is full of revolutions and difficulties. Culture is a manifestation of a nation or a nation's decency, social customs, moral values and traditions. Culture is a mixture of a nation's craftsmanship, products, ideas, habits and values. Culture is also a set of customs and values that exist in a society and are followed by all the people in that society. The political and cultural elements and trends of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa fiction writers have been studied in this research paper and its various forms and experiences have been examined from an analytical point of view.
Keyswords: Political, Cultural, Urdu Fiction, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Writers, Society, Ideas, Values
Pages: 539-551
Article: 42 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)42
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)42
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The Famous Short Story Writer’s of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Southern Distracts)
Authors:
  1. Muhammad Rasheed
    Ph.D Urdu Scholar, Department of Urdu, Peshawar University
  2. Dr. Robina Shaheen
    Professor, Department of Urdu, University of Peshawar
Abstract: In every era, Urdu literature has found such talented writers who have made a significant contribution to the capital of Urdu literature. Whether in poetry or prose, writers of Urdu literature have presented great works in both genres. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has also been very fertile in this regard. The region has produced many poets and writers whose literary services are milestones in the history of Urdu literature. If we mention the southern Districts of Khyber pakhtunkhwa in particular, this area has also contributed a lot in producing great literary work in Urdu literature. There is a noteworthy number of many known and unknown poets and writers of Southern Districts, who created great master pieces in poetry as well as in prose. From Bayazid Ansari (Pir Roshaan) to Munir Ahmad Firdous, there are Numerous prose writers who have contributed in different genres. In this Article is about such prose writers of the Southern districts, who have presented their literary work in prose. The Research Article says about the prominent Writers that contributed to the Genre the short story the down districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhawa
Keyswords: Urdu Literature, Talented, Significant, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Pages: 552-565
Article: 43 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)43
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)43
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Psychological review of the role of Mother in Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi Short Story “Falto“
Authors:
  1. Muhammad Sulaiman
    Lecturer, Department of Urdu, Islamia College University Peshawar
  2. Dr. Badsha Munir
    Associate Professor, Department of Urdu, University of Peshawar
Abstract: Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi was simultaneously a great poet, novelist, columnist, critic and intellectual. He was a progressive writer and a believer in literature for life. Like Prem Chand most of his themes and characters reflect rural life and society,. His fiction is full of variety, breadth and variety of themes. He was a philanthropist and a believer in human dignity. The most oppressed and miserable class among them is the woman who is being exploited by various tricks and excuses. In the myth “Faaltoo” there is a character of a mother who is left alone despite giving her son unconditional love. If she does not get the love she was looking for in her son and daughter-in-law, then she prefers death to a life of humiliation.
Keyswords: Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi, Character, Psychology, Suicide
Pages: 566-577
Article: 44 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)44
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)44
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The Evolution of Urdu Novel Writing In District Gujrat
Authors:
  1. Mudassar iqbal
    Ph.D Scholar (Urdu), Federal Urdu University, Islamabad
  2. Dr. Syed Aoun Sajid Naqvi
    Assistant Professor, Urdu department, Federal Urdu University, Islamabad
Abstract: The region has spawned grandchildren who have made significant strides in all walks of life in Gujrat. The leaven of the shining stars of our scientific and literary world has risen from this soil. Gujrat is a city of grace and perfection. Here in every era such great scholars were born who raised the flag in the field of writing and creation. The people of Gujrat wrote on every subject of science and literature. Hundreds of books have been published on topics such as poetry, novels, and fiction. Abdullah Hussain's sad generations and Aslam Rahi's historical novels are second to none in novel writing. Apart from this, Mustansir Hussain's novel writing has also ignited the minds of the readers of literature. Gujrat novelists are shining as bright stars in the sky of literature.
Keyswords: Abdullah Hussain, Mustansar Hussain, Aslam Rahi, Novel, Fiction
Pages: 578-596
Article: 45 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)45
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)45
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The Personality and the Art of Poetry of Tabish Dehlvi
Authors:
  1. Dr. Jabir Hussain
    Urdu department, Islamabad Model College, F-10, Islamabad
  2. Dr. Syed Aoun Sajid Naqvi
    Assistant Professor, Urdu department, Federal Urdu University, Islamabad
Abstract: Syed Masood ul Hasan Tabish Delhvi is a prominent poet of Urdu Ghazal and Naat. He was also a famous News Reader of Radio Pakistan Karachi. He learnt a lot about poetry and its art from the famous Urdu Ghazal Poet Shaukat Ali Khan Faani Badayoni. Poems of Tabish Delhvi are also a remarkable contribution in the history of Pakistani Urdu poem which needs to be discussed. This article is intended to study of the poems of Tabish Delhvi to bring forth his creative dimensions.
Keyswords: Tabish Dehlvi, Urdu poetry, Urdu poems
Pages: 597-610
Article: 46 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)46
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)46
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Sajjad Sheikh and Manto
Authors:
  1. Tazeen Fatima
    PhD Scholar, Department of Urdu, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
  2. Dr. Taqdees Zahra
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
Abstract: Professor Sajjad Sheikh holds a prominent place on the canvas of Urdu literature with reference to translation, research and criticism. He had progressive ideology. For translation, research and criticism he selected the creations of those authors and poets who lamented over social injustice, religious prejudice and in-valuation of humanity. Saadat Hassan Manto is one of those authors whose vision and work have been researched and criticized in abundant detail by Professor Sajjad Sheikh. Professor Sajjad Sheikh has denied many prevalent facts about the life and literary works of Manto and has presented new facts with evidence and arguments. An analysis of Professor Sajjad Sheikh’s criticism on Manto’s life and work is included in this paper.
Keyswords: Research, Criticism, Progressive ideology, Social injustice, Religious prejudice, Prevalent facts
Pages: 611-622
Article: 47 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)47
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)47
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Urdu's first feminist autobiography and a primary source for Patodi’s history (Beti Kahani, by: Shahr Bano Begum)
Authors:
  1. Farzana Tabassum
    PhD scholar, Department of Urdu, Sarhad University Peshawar
  2. Dr. Muhammad Imtiaz
    Associate Professor, Department of Urdu, Sarhad University Peshawar
  3. Farhana Anjum
    PhD scholar, Department of Urdu, Sarhad University Peshawar
Abstract: In the last decades of the nineteenth century, creative autobiography started formally in Urdu. "Beti Kahani" has the honor of being the first autobiography in Urdu women's literature. It was written by Shahr Bano in May 1885 under the title "Biti Kahani". It has all the qualities of language and expression. This is a great addition to Urdu literature. Despite the strict norms and restrictions of the society, Shahr Bano has beautifully narrated the story of life and set an example of courage and charm. This autobiography of Shahr Bano is not only an interesting biography of her but also a primary source of history of Patodi state. In the article under review, this autobiography has been critically evaluated.
Keyswords: Autobiography, Diary, Government, Feminism, History, Patodi, Ludhiana
Pages: 623-634
Article: 48 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)48
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)48
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Iqbal,s Addresses: Introduction and Importance
Authors:
  1. Fazal Kabir
    Lecturer, Department of Urdu, Islamia College University Peshawar
  2. Dr. Subhan Ullah
    Head Deptt of Urdu, Govt Degree College Lahor (Swabi)
  3. Dr. Anwar Ali
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Islamia College University Peshawar
Abstract: This study deals with the content analysis of some of the famous speeches of Alama Iqbal. The researcher has tried to answer some of the question related to Iqbal’s Speeches. For instance, why did Iqbal decide to give these speeches? and, later on, publish the same. What was the impact of these speeches, the inspiration behind them, and the significance of time and place of the speeches? Similarly, the importance and need of the subject matter of the speeches and the selection of language in which he delivered the speeches and later on the languages in which they were translated have been discussed.
Keyswords: The Reconstruction, Khutbat Iqbal, ALigar, Mesoor, Banglor, Haider Abad
Pages: 635-644
Article: 49 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)49
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)49
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Thematic Diversity in Ahmad Javed's Short stories
Authors:
  1. Haroon ur Rashid
    PhD Urdu Research Scholar, Department of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
  2. Dr. Nasreen Amin
    Assistant Professor (E-Learning Faculty), Sarhad University, Peshawar
  3. Fatima Andleeb
    PhD Urdu Research Scholar, Department of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
Abstract: Urdu short stories (fiction) play vital role in Urdu literature. It has gone through a series of evolutionary processes since Munshi Prem Chand. Ahmed Javed is a renowned fiction writer. He rose high on the horizon of fiction in 70s.He exposed social exploitation, un-justice, atrocity and cruelty through symbolism in his fictions. He used birds, insects and animal e.g. dog’s, cat’s, bears, mice and doves as symbol in his fictions. He had very deep thoughts and observations. He wanted to see his country developed, successful and prosperous. Ahmed Javed has a prominent place in symbolic fiction writers.
Keyswords: Ahmad Javed, Fiction, Munshi Prem Chand, 70s, symbolic fiction writer
Pages: 645-653
Article: 50 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)50
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)50
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Aleem-ul-Haq Haqi’s Novel “ISHQ KA AIN”: A Critical Study
Authors:
  1. Muhammad Kashif Zia Khan
    PhD Urdu research scholar, Department of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
  2. Dr. Nasreen Amin
    Assistant Professor (E-Learning Faculty), Sarhad University, Peshawar
  3. Muhammad Sohail
    PhD Urdu research scholar, Department of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
Abstract: Aleem-ul-Haq Haqi was born on 21st April 1950 in a notable family of Karachi. His father migrating from Utter Pradesh (India) to Karachi after Partition. He served in various government & non-government organizations but eventually in 1967 took to novels writing and produced many famous novels. Initially his novels were published in various Urdu journals and later appeared in book form. Novel “Ishq Ka Ain” is very beautiful social story. Its main character are Ilahi bakhs and Sad; this Novels is travelling from ishq e majazi to ishq e Haqiqi. Ilahi bakhsh his become a saint and sofi.
Keyswords: Aleem-ul-Haq Haqi, 21st April 1950, Utter Pradesh, “Ishq Ka Ain”, Ilahi bakhsh
Pages: 654-664
Article: 51 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)51
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)51
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Thematic and Stylistic Effects of Russo-Afghan War on Urdu Poems of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (In the light of a special study of Abrar Salik and Dr. Izharullah Izhar's poems)
Authors:
  1. Sonia Bahir
    Ph.D scholar, Department of Urdu, University of Peshawar
  2. Dr. Badshah Munir Bukhari
    Department of Urdu, University of Peshawar
Abstract: Russian afghan war 1979 was very distressful in the history of mankind. It compelled millions of population to migrate on both sides of Durand line. Thousands of people killed during the war and after on the name of Jehad or civil war. More than seventy thousands innocent people mostly Pukhtoons were killed in the bomb blasts and target killings. This war along with 43 years consequences affected the themes and diction of Urdu Nazam. In this research paper the researchers have explained the themes and style of Urdu nazam of Abrar salik and Dr Izhar ullah Izhar in the background of Russian Afghan war and its consequences.
Keyswords: Russian Afghan war, consequences, Urdu Nazam, Ibrar salik, Izhar ullah Izhar, themes, style, diction, analysis
Pages: 665-676
Article: 52 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)52
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)52
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Narrative Verse in Urdu
Authors:
  1. Saeed ur Rahman
    PhD Scholar, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar
  2. Dr. Muhammad Imtiaz
    Associate Professor, Sharhad University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar
  3. Dr. Muhammad Nasir Afridi
    Assistant professor, Department of Urdu, Sarhad University of science and information technology, Peshawar
Abstract: Literature interprets human life. The responsibility of shaping and creating human life is also included in the duties of literature. All the genres of literature reflect human life in their own way. Narratives are also included in these genres. The Urdu language is among the languages which have a collection of narratives. Narratives in the form of the story give a practical message to man to deal with life. The love of the story is in human nature. Consequently, when compared to other genres, the narrative offers the most effective means of conveying a useful message to people. The narrative's scope is undoubtedly limited when compared to other fictional genres, yet the reader is intrigued by it anyway because of how thorough it is. For researchers, the answer to who wrote the first story in Urdu and whether the first story was arranged (in poetry) or prophecy (in prose) is still a mystery. Of course, the future researcher will be able to find it. Urdu is full of pearls of arranged and prophecy stories .The influence of Arabic and Persian on Urdu is more than on other languages. The social and moral effects of stories are more than other genres.
Keyswords: Human Life, Literature, Responsibility, Genres
Pages: 677-688
Article: 53 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)53
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)53
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Resistance in Faqeera Khan Faqri's poetry
Authors:
  1. Dr. Siddiq Iqbal
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, University of Malakand
  2. Afshan Jabeen
    Lecturer, Department of Urdu, University of Malakand
  3. Dr. Mohammad Ismail
    Lecturer, Department of Urdu, Government Post Graduate College Swabi
Abstract: Faqeera Khan Faqri has also taken care of theme, subject and style in his poetry, due to which his mature vision and the measure of his large heart also come to the fore. Fluency, boldness, arrangement of words and style of beautiful speech can also be observed in his poetry. Elements such as truth and boldness, justice, patriotism, a sense of oppression and injustice, human helplessness, impermanence of the world, human degradation, the concept of revolution are seen everywhere in his poetry. He has made them a part of history by a blind eye to the bitter facts and handing over every reality of his time to the pen. The harsh realities of life that other poets have never thought of making a topic of speech, he has tried to explain in public with great boldness. In this article a testimony to his bravery, honesty and boldness have been discussed in detail.
Keyswords: Resistance, Faqri, Fluency, Honesty, Boldness
Pages: 689-698
Article: 54 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)54
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)54
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Non-Muslim Urdu Writers and Islamic Values
Authors:
  1. Muhammad Liaqat
    PhD Urdu Research Scholar, Hazara University, Mansehra
  2. Dr. Muhammad Altaf Yousaf Zai
    Associate Professor, Chairperson Urdu Department, Hazara University, Mansehra
  3. Dr. Antal Zia
    Lecturer, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar
Abstract: The range of topics of Urdu literature is quite broad. Urdu poets and writers added various genres to Urdu literature. They presented social and religious values in several ways. Islam is a universal religion. It has a supreme law for human values. Its universal teachings inspired people all over the world. Muslim scholars and writers presented Islamic values in their religious devotion, but it is also interesting that many non-Muslim writers also took a deep interest in the study of Islamic teachings. We can divide the non-Muslim poets and writers who were attracted to Islamic teachings into two groups. One group among them is those whose work was to increase their status by highlighting only defects from Islamic teachings and to undermine the reputation of Islam. on the other hand, there are numerous impartial scholars and writers who have not only recognized the true sense of Islam they also took advantage of inspiring teachings of Islam and made them part of his creations. Of course, these efforts of non-scholars are commendable and their work is therefore more useful. That it provides an opportunity for non-Muslims to understand the religion of Islam in detail by bringing them closer to Islamic thoughts. In this article, these attributes of non-Muslims have been highlighted in detail.
Keyswords: Non Muslims, Islamic values, Religion, Urdu-literature
Pages: 699-711
Article: 55 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)55
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)55
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Urdu Hindko Ghazal Mutual Contributions: Research and Critical Study
Authors:
  1. Hasnain khan Swati
    Scholar, Phd Urdu, Hazata University, Mansehra
  2. Muhammad liaqat
    Scholar, Phd Urdu, Hazata University, Mansehra
  3. Shazia Bibi
    Scholar, Phd Urdu, Hazata University, Mansehra
Abstract: Ghazal is a prominent characteristic of both Urdu and Hindko poetry. Hindko Ghazal imitates Urdu ghazal's theme, Haitian, and artistic merits. Indeed, Hindko language is older in age than Urdu, but its poetic literature succeeds Urdu language poetry. Hindko Ghazal culture owes its popularity to the seasoned poets of Urdu Ghazal. Due to which rules and traditions of Urdu Ghazal were largely copied on as-is basis into Hindko Ghazal. This fact enhanced the quality of Hindko Poetry, and helped it rise as a well-known genre of Hindko literature. Hence, this phenomenon illustrates that there is a clear basis for research work into the commonalities of Hindko and Urdu Ghazal.
Keyswords: Urdu, Hindko, Poetry, Ghazal, Commonalities
Pages: 712-720
Article: 56 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)56
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)56
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An analytical study of Shamsur Rahman Faruqi's Novel "Qabza-e-Zaman"
Authors:
  1. Dr. Tahir Abbas Tayib
    Assistant Professor, GC Women University Sialkot
  2. Dr. Rooh ul Amin
    Lecturer, Department of Urdu, Islamia College University Peshawar
  3. Dr. Taqwim ul Haq
    Lecturer, Department of Urdu, Islamia College University Peshawar
Abstract: Shamsur Rahman Faruqi was an Indian Urdu language poet, author, critic and theorist. He is known for ushering modernism to Urdu literature. "Qabza-e-Zaman" can be regarded as a brilliant amalgamation of Shamsur-Rahman Faruqi various geniuses. In the novel Shamsur Rahman Faruqi discovers a character from the past through Indo-Islamic history, who is a common man but in time travel. He seems to breathe in an era that has passed its time. And he has come in a new age. He is the inhabitant of this moving world, the speed of time has stopped for a few moments. In such a situation, when he turned back, several centuries had passed. Although he was surprised that he spent a few hours in a state of unconsciousness. It was a new experience that was presented in the form of a story. He has presented it concisely and beautifully through the novel.
Keyswords: Brilliant Amalgamation, Unconsciousness, Past Through, Indo-Islamic History, Speed of Time
Pages: 721-732
Article: 57 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)57
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)57
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Role of Urdu Humd in Islamic Cultural Education
Authors:
  1. Dr. Samreena Liaquat
    Assistant Professor (Contractual), Department of Urdu, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Abdul Haq Campus, Karachi
  2. Dr. Nadia
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Abdul Haq Campus, Karachi
  3. Dr. Irfan Ullah
    Assistant Professor (Contractual), Department of Urdu, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Abdul Haq Campus, Karachi
Abstract: Urdu hamd is the way to describe characteristics of God,by this human relate his own soul to God,the relation between Human is so long so old from birth to death even after death too Human life rings with this relation,humd gives calm to heart of all Humanbeing even not only Human being but also all creatures of God relate his soul with humd.if there would not the concept of humd nether would be world created nor Human.leaf of tree,top of the mountain,rising the sun shinning the moon,all lose and wining, war and calm,love and hate,poverty and wealth,all concepts just use to tell the adress of greatest humd.for preaching Islam there were all sofyas who described the humd with the name of jikri in dub continent like shah rajoo,hazrat baba fareed,bahaudin zikria,shah mira je shamsul ashaq,muslim beginning and end starts azaan to namaz,its humd,then when he starts his life he has to obey the orders of God its the orders are put fully faith on God,its also concept of humd.if we see the life of human he can't bring his soul out of this concept.although the communist who don't want to live with God they also can't live without God.in every step all humanity is to be bound in it.
Keyswords: Faith, jikri, soofya, humd, concept
Pages: 733-746
Article: 58 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)58
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)58
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A Research and Critical Review of Khater Ghaznavi's Reportage
Authors:
  1. Dr. Muhammad Ishaq
    Associate Professor, Department of Urdu, Government Superior Science College Peshawar
  2. Muhammad Said Ali
    PhD Research Scholar, Punjab University, Lahore
  3. Amir Turab
    Assistant Professor, Government Degree College Gula Abad (Dir Lower)
Abstract: Within the literary landscape of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Khater Ghaznavi's endeavors to champion Urdu prose literature warrant our admiration. His mastery in prose finds expression in the realm of reportage, a facet of his literary persona that sometimes fades into the background when placed alongside his celebrated poetry. Yet, within Ghaznavi's reportage, one unearths shining exemplars of the art of reporting. In the meticulous examination of his reportage in the current article, the technical attributes that define Ghaznavi as a distinguished reporter are unveiled, shedding light on the underlying intricacies of his craft. This scrutiny not only introduces readers to the foundational elements of artful reportage but also imparts valuable insights into a pivotal chapter of Urdu prose writing in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Keyswords: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Khater Ghaznavi, champion, mastery in prose, reportage, distinguished reporter
Pages: 747-758
Article: 59 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)59
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)59
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Spellings Issues in Urdu Typing/Composing
Authors:
  1. Dr. Muhammad Imtiaz
    Associate Professor, Head of Department Urdu, Govt, Post Graduate College No.1 Abbottabad
  2. Dr. Muhammad Nasir Afridi
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar
  3. Saeed ur Rahman
    PHD Scholar, Department of Urdu, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar
Abstract: The correct order of letters in words is called spelling, and the style use for this is known as script.In this context, numerous challenges have arisen in the field of Urdu, particularly in the domain of typing and composition. Verious issues related to word combinations and their phonetic representation have been addressed by modern scientific innovations and computer technology.While word combinations are beyond dispute, differences among Urdu experts persist when it comes to the origin and usage of certain words in the language.Additionally,the complexity of compound words remain an area where Urdu still lacks a comprehensive understanding.The use of connotations have also given rise to issues in spelling and pronunciation challenges in Urdu experts have made considerable efferts to reduce these issues and enforce a standard for the Urdu-speeking community.In the realm of spelling,stress and unstress syllables have also presented certain complexities to some extent impeading the progress of spelling accuracy.Nevertheless, an emphasis on precision and linguistic advancement has msgnified the significance of pronunciation.The aim of modern Urdu is to maintain its acceptability after English, and various possibilities for improvement are available in this regard, which are being pursued with great diligence.
Keyswords: Spellings Issues, Urdu Typing, Script, Phonetic
Pages: 759-768
Article: 60 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)60
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)60
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Latin American Fiction: Introduction & Tradition
Authors:
  1. Qamar Abbas Alvi
    Research Scholar, Department of Urdu, University of Punjab Lahore
  2. Dr. Muhammad Ishaq
    Associate Professor, Department of Urdu, Government Superior Science College Peshawar
  3. Dr. Hashmat Khan
    Assistant Professor, Govt Degree College Batkhela (Malakand)
Abstract: Latin America is a collective region of the United States of America where romance languages (language derived from Latin) especially Spanish, Portugues and Frencgh are permanantly spoken.This is region that was discovered by spenish traveler Christofer Columbus in 1492 and remain European Colony for long time. Jorge Luis Borges, Gabrial Garcia Marques, Mario Bargas Llosa and Italo Calvino are famous fiction writer of Latin America. This article is an introduction and review of fictional tradition of Latin America.
Keyswords: Fiction, Magical Realism, Boom, Colonialism, Death of Novel
Pages: 769-778
Article: 61 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)61
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)61
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Symbolism in Ahmed Javed Short Stories: A Critical Study
Authors:
  1. Haroon ur Rasheed
    PhD Scholar, Department of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
  2. Dr. Muhammad Rehman
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
  3. Dr. Nazar Abid
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
Abstract: Ahmed Javed has a significant place in the Urdu Fiction. He started fiction writing in the 1970’s. His writing’s gave dignity to Urdu fiction. This was the time when Pakistan was dismembered. The period of time that followed, saw negative effects on social and political values of our society. Ahmed Javed wrote in an environment of oppression and suffocation and accentuated the public sentiments in his writings. He depicted in his fiction the symbolic characters of Animals like wolf, dove, cat, mouse etc and through them symbolized the public sentiments. His impact will last for a long time in Urdu Fiction writing.This article focuses on that aspects of Ahmed Javed’s Fiction.
Keyswords: Ahmed Javed, Symbolism, Short Story, Urdu Fiction, 1070, Nawazish Ali
Pages: 779-793
Article: 62 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)62
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)62
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Islamic Values in the Short Stories of Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi "In the Context Huqooq Ullah"
Authors:
  1. Muhammad Sohail
    PhD Research Scholar, Department of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
  2. Dr. Muhammad Rahman
    Assistant Professor, Department of Urdu, Hazara University Mansehra
Abstract: Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi's rights of Allah are widely propagated. He has emphasized on the fulfillment of Allah's orders and worship, because by following these prayers and Allah's orders, we can become the cause of the pleasure and satisfaction of the Lord of the Universe.In the fictions of Nadeem Qasmi, there is a good mention of the rights of the slaves, but he emphasized on the importance of the rights of Allah. This lesson is found in many of his fictions. The present paper is written in this context.
Keyswords: Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi, Allah, Worships, Fictions, Universe
Pages: 794-805
Article: 63 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)63
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)63
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Pakistani Culture: In the Context of Urdu Language and Criticism
Authors:
  1. Muhammad Saif Ullah Khan
    Scholar PhD Urdu, University of Education, Lower Mall Lahore
Abstract: In this article the subject of Pakistani culture and civilization is being discussed in the context of Urdu language and national exposure of Urdu criticism. This article presents introduction of traditional, historical and geographical perameters of Urdu language and criticism. Meanwhile, the origin of culture and its components in relation with literary heritage and evolutionary cycle of Urdu are also recounted by adding the thoughts of different sociolinguists and critics. As these are several issues of identity and origin for the survival of Urdu language so the different questions and logical arguments are also there to publicise the Urdu and its cultural relations with language. So here we have illuminated some of them with critical analysis.
Keyswords: Pakistani Culture, Criticism, National Language, Society, Mentafacts
Pages: 806-824
Article: 64 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)64
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)64
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A Review of Fine Arts in the Opinion of Khushhal Khan Khattak
Authors:
  1. Dr. Qadar Wahid
    Lecturer, Department of Pashto, University of Malakand
Abstract: Fine arts are the beautiful arts that can use people for expressing their feelings and emotions in an artistic way. Khushal Khan Khattak, the father of Pashto language and literature, known to the world as a man of Sword and Pen. He expresses his point of view about fine arts in his writing. Which include poetry, music, painting, sculpture and construction, etc. In this article, Khushal Khan Khattak's opinion has been presented with reference to these arts.
Keyswords: Khushal Khan Khattak, sowerd, pen, fine arts, poetry, music, painting, sculpture, construction
Pages: 825-843
Article: 65 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)65
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)65
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Shibli and Hali’s Critical Thoughts
Authors:
  1. Shumaila Mukhtar
    P.hd Urdu scholar, Department of Urdu, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
  2. Dr. Humaira Irshad
    Professor, Ex. Head of Department of Urdu, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
Abstract: Shibli and Hali both had shared same age and almost same conditions. Hali had seen all the ups and downs of war of freedom. He knew whatever was happened before and after that war of 1857. This war had affected more the Muslims. This nation already facing poor condition. They were become worse. And the political, economical educational and cultural structure would destroy for Muslims. In this condition hopelessness, inferiority complex had prevailed the Muslims. At that time there was no leader no protector. At last scholars decided to prepare their nation for practical for which poetry and literature were considered the best medium. During this Sir Sayed Ahmad Khan started his movement. Hali and Shibli had taken Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as a helmsman of the boat of Muslims. According to them only he could save the Muslims. According to them only he could save the Muslims. So, they both ha started to work in his movement they both had added a new life in a pessimistic body. For this purpose the put step on him ground of criticism. Haliand Shibli had kept his individuality and also worked with Sir Sayed Ahmed Khan till the end of his life. Sir Syed was also inspired by his opinions, ideas, personality and education and literal values. His co-operation was valuable for Sir Sayed Ahmad Khan for his movement. It is a reality that to make the movement of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan successful. Hali and Shibli had played on vital role.
Keyswords: War of 1857, Sir Syed Ahmad khan, Hali and Shibli critical thoughts, Role of Muslims 1857
Pages: 844-855
Article: 66 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)66
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)66
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The Qur’anic Combination in Poetical and Thoughtful Style of Allama Muhammad Iqbal
Authors:
  1. Mrs. Rifat Choudhry
    Scholar PhD, (Iqbal Studies), AIOU, Islamabad
  2. Dr. Muhammad Afzal Butt
    Chairperson, Department of Urdu, GC Women University, Sialkot
  3. Professor Dr. Rubina Tareen
    Ex Professor, Department of Urdu, BZU Multan
Abstract: Allama Muhammad Iqbal was a multidimensional personality. There were a lot of thoughtful and philosophical aspects in his nature. The source of inspiration, light, energy, and motivation for all these aspects in his character was the Holy Qur’an. Keeping in mind the heights and peaks of knowledge and intuition which Allama Iqbal attained through ancient and modern education, he was fundamentally first discovering and then presenting the message of Qur’an through his poetry. He was not just only a poet, but also a teacher of Qur’an, whose poetry was a blend, combination and infact a tafseer of Qur’an. This is one of the reasons we see a lot of references from the Holy Qur’an throughout his poetical work. He used the Qur’anic phrases, words, and terminologies many a times in his poems and was affirmed about that if we want to understand the true message of Qur’an, we need to learn the Arabic Language and Literature. His poetical style of expression is no doubt Qur’anic style. When we read in depths the poetry, essays, letters, and conversations of Allama Iqbal, we find that he had a splendid power of belief, and his heart was filled with contentment. He strongly believed that Qur’anic style is the Almighty Allah’s style and that was the reason of adopting the Qur’anic way in his poetry. This essay deals with the combination of Qur’an in his poetical and philosophical thoughts.
Keyswords: Qur’anic Combination, Poetical Style, Philosophical world, Intuition, Belief, Light of Pen
Pages: 856-869
Article: 67 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)67
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)67
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"Non-Military Column" Humor and Brigadier Solat Raza
Authors:
  1. Muhammad Ismail
    Research Scholar PhD Urdu, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
  2. Prof. Dr. Rubina Rafiq
    Chairperson Urdu & Iqbaliyat, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Abstract: Brigadier Solat Raza served in Pakistan Army near about 30 years. During his services he faced a lot of ups and downs in life. He has a prominent place among the military humorists. Recently, his book namely “Ghair Fuji Kalam” came into market, which is consisted of on 50 articles. He wrote humor in very different styles. In his humor, he evokes the problems of the society and troops. He has also a keen observation on politics and the country’s condition, and his book, “Ghair Fuji Kalam” reflects his observations. He used very simple, plan and awesome sentances in his humor. Basically, his purpose of writing is to reform the society and people. He did’nt criticize to someone’s respect, or value. He picks up the important issues in his humorist articles, which are very necessary to everyone.
Keyswords: Pakistan Army, Prominent, Military, Humorists, Society
Pages: 870-878
Article: 68 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)68
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)68
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Iqbal's Concept of Oneness of God
Authors:
  1. Humera Khalid
    P.hd Scholar, Iqbaliat department, Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad
  2. Dr. Shahid Iqbal Kamran
    Ex Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences, Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad
Abstract: In Islam, the oneness of God is referred to as "Tawhid". Tawhid has been a vital force throughout history, but nowadays it has been reduced to merely a theological topic. Allama Iqbal, a renowned poet, political activist, and religious philosopher, still holds significant influence with his thoughts. As a religious thinker, he extensively discussed the concept of Tawhid in his poetry and prose, providing a concise explanation. This article aims to explore and define the ideas and premises presented by Iqbal regarding this concept. The study's findings reveal that Iqbal's concept of Tawhid is not only a fundamental tenet of Islam but also essential for human beings and the world at large. Allama Iqbal's approaches and concepts on this topic differ significantly from those of other poets, philosophers, and intellectuals, which are elaborated in this article.
Keyswords: Tawhid, Allama Iqbal, Oneness of God, Islam, Religious Philosophy, Poetry
Pages: 879-894
Article: 69 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)69
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)69
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Tahir Taunsvi as Researcher and Critic
Authors:
  1. Fauzia Perveen
    Lecturer, Department of Saraiki, Govt. Graduate College for Women Khanewal
  2. Muhammad Saleem
    M.Phil, Department of Pakistani Languages, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
Abstract: Tahir Taunsvi is not only a prominent name in Urdu literature and criticism, but is also knows as representative voice in Saraiki literature. His literary services spread over half of the century. His working encompass various genres and subjects matters, including criticism, research, Fareediyat, essay, short story, novel, drama, dastan, travelogue, translation, linguistics, sociology, Islamic studies, culture, prose and poetry. His elective vision did not leave any topic unexplored. Tahir Taunsvi dedicated his whole life to research and criticism. He will be known as a remarkable researcher in the field of literature. A multidimensional and valuable asset of his autobiographical research, textual research and compilations of literary essays on variety of literary topics have made his research work more valuable for students and research scholars.
Keyswords: Researcher, Critic, Valuable asset, linguistics, Textual research, literary services
Pages: 895-915
Article: 70 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)70
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)70
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Contribution of Dr. Nabi Bakhsh Khan Baloch in Sindhi Folk Literature
Authors:
  1. Dr. Hakim Ali Burrio
    Assistant Professor, Department of Pakistani Languages, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
Abstract: Dr. Nabi Bakhsh Khan Baloch was a well-known intellectual in Pakistan and a renowned Sindhi language expert. He earned a reputation worldwide for his contributions to literature and knowledge. He was a multidimensional individual who was also an educator, linguist, expert in folk literature, a competent administrator, and the founder of various historical and cultural institutions. In particular, he worked persistently to promote and preserve Sindhi literature and folklore. In this research study, we explore the significant contributions made by Dr. Nabi Bakhsh Baloch to the advancement of Sindhi literature and language, analyzing the long-lasting effects of his efforts on examining the profound impact of his work on Sindh's cultural and literary landscape.
Keyswords: Reputation, contributions, literature, educator, folklore, literary landscape
Pages: 916-923
Article: 71 , Volume 2 , Issue 3
DOI Number: 10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)71
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-III)71
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