| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | Technique is a bone of a fiction. It may be in form, stylish or any theory or thoughts. Narrative, allegory, dramatic, epistolary, lecture and soliloquy etc. are commonly used in fiction. Nazir Ahmad is the first novelist of Urdu language. There is no specific sample of techniques in Urdu before him but he tried to best explain his thought to his reader. In this article those techniques are discussed which are used in Nazir Ahmad’s novels. |
| Keyswords: | Stylish, allegory, epistolary, soliloquy, playfulness, ethical behavior, technique |
| Pages: | 01-12 |
| Article: | 1 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)1 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)1 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | Terrorism is the most influencing factor not only in our social set up but an important literary theme as well world over. Urdu literature is also much to do with the contemporary human problems. With the stat of the 20th century a wave of terrorism is spread round the globe. Pakistan is badly affected by this catastrophe. Urdu poets have depicted this matter to a large extent in modern poetry of the new millennium. This article deals with the presentation of terrorism in Urdu poetry by our intellectuals and poets of new thoughts. They feel themselves the part and parcel of the world intelligentsia and fully condemn the phenomenon of terrorism. |
| Keyswords: | Terrorism, Influencing, Social, Literary, globe, Poetry |
| Pages: | 13-23 |
| Article: | 2 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)2 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)2 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | Prof. Muhammad Younas Hasrat was a dramatist, translator, indexer, researcher, editor, the writer of the children books and poet. He not only created literature for children but also wrote humorous poetry for adults. He highlighted the problems of the people of different classes in his poetry. He has tried to reform our society by exposing its excesses. When he writes about immortality such as mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, marital problems, problems in marital life, lots of demands from wife, and debt for unnecessary marriage rituals and customs etc., satire and humorous words are created. This article is an analysis of Muhammad Younas Harat humorous poetry characteristic. |
| Keyswords: | Humorous Poetry, Highlighted the Problems, Exposing, Excesses, Immortality |
| Pages: | 24-34 |
| Article: | 3 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)3 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)3 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | This article is an effort to highlight the need and significance of Urdu compilation in certification research. Ninety percent of certification research currently revolves around fiction. Eight-hundred-year-old poetry is currently beyond our research. Part of the compilation of classical texts, in particular, is equal to nothing. There is a need to improve the quality of certification research. |
| Keyswords: | Signigicance, Compilation, Certification, Research |
| Pages: | 35-44 |
| Article: | 4 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)4 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)4 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | Some authors have written fictitious letters to express their views, in which there is no reply to any letter, but the author writes an article. These articles can be serious critical writings, propaganda of ideas, impressionistic level literary writings and essays. Since these letters are not intended to be sent to anyone, but are intended to be used as a raw material for their intended authorship, they can be termed as fictitious letters. Such writings are addressed at the beginning and closed with the name of author to form it a letter. Fake Urdu correspondents include M. Aslam, Abul Kalam Azad, Majnoon Gorakhpuri, Dr. Muhammad Baqir, Muhammad Younis, Manto and Kishore Naheed. |
| Keyswords: | Fictitious letter, M. Aslam, Abul Kalam Azad, Majnoon Gorakhpuri, Dr. Muhammad Baqir, Muhammad Younis, Manto, Kishore Naheed |
| Pages: | 45-62 |
| Article: | 5 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)5 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)5 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | Iqbal was the famous religious Islamic thinker and his thought originated from Islamic belief and culture. Iqbal explained ijtihad as to exert with a view to express an independent judgment but not to be independent of judgment but not to be independent of the Holy Quran and our last prophet Sunnah. Iqbal apposed freedom of thought which makes deviate from divine guidance but endorsed the freedom of ijtihad to oppose rigidity and stagnation. The Muslim world was in great crisis in the era of nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The Muslim world was in great trouble caused by the conflict between conservatism and modernism. This article aimed to define that being religious thinker. Iqbal never accept a passive attitude he argued that neither conservatism nor modernism was good. Result of study shows that Iqbal took a balance approach between conservatism and modernism. In his balance approach Iqbal tried to reconstruct Islamic thoughts through the principle if ijtihad and it was the only way to rescue Muslim for the stagnation of thoughts. The concept of Iqbal about the topic is very much different which are explained in this article |
| Keyswords: | Iqbal, Islamic thoughts, reconstruction philosophy and Ijtihad |
| Pages: | 63-78 |
| Article: | 6 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)6 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)6 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | Mirza Saeed is great Urdu novelist. His novels have great influence of western novels and culture. His First novel "Khawab e Hasti" in 1905 and second novel "Yasmin" was published in 1908. His second novel is very important in Urdu literature with respect to evolution in Urdu novel. It is first psychological novel in Urdu literature. There are many psychological conflicts in characters of his novels. West is a place of dreams for Eastern countries. Many people have ambition to go to West. Mirza Saeed's novels put light about these psychological conflicts. Like his contemporaries he also thinks that education is the only solution of Muslims conflicts and problems. He knew that Muslims hearts are empty with faith and beliefs. He thinks that westernization is the reasons which have made many problems for Muslims. There is a detail study about the psychological conflicts for western countries in this paper. Usman and Yasmin have great affection for western civilization. Although they live in the East but the West is dominant on their thinking. Both the characters rebel from their traditions and culture. They never think about the customs and norms of the existing society. They try to adopt western tradition by living in the east. This cultural conflict has been discussed in this paper. |
| Keyswords: | Mirza Saeed, Psychological Conflicts, Urdu novels, Muslim people, Prostitute |
| Pages: | 79-88 |
| Article: | 7 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)7 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)7 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | Twentieth century is considered as an era of revolutions not only in subcontinent but all over the world, in which resistance against imperialist colonial powers intensified. The Effects of this resistance can be seen in Urdu literature. Some poetesses also played key role in the creation of resistance literature.In this perspective the most prominent Pakistani poetesses are Kishwar Naheed, Fehmida Riaz, Parveen Shakir, Noshi Gilani and Mansura Ahmed. Social oppression, economic exploitation, political subjugation and shackles are the main reasons for the emergence of resistance behavior in individuals of a nation or society. The progressive movement also fostered resistance poetry against the colonial powers on a global scale. Feminists also raised their voice for the protection of women's rights and social restrictions also emerged as a form of resistance literature. This article covers role of women in contemporary resistance poetry and their poetic expressions. |
| Keyswords: | Contemporary, resistance, poetry, imperialist, colonial powers, feminism, women's rights |
| Pages: | 89-102 |
| Article: | 8 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)8 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)8 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | Iqbal's whole poetry carries a message generally for all, especially for young generation. The poem, "Javaid Nama" was an inspirational piece of work written by Allama. This poem portrays a guiding principle for Muslim young genderation. In this poem, he not only addressed his son but also manuered to impart his ideology in young leaders. Iqbal was very optimistic about young world. He thought youg mind could create a "new World" by manipulating their abilities positively. Iqbal's Motto revolves around bringing revolution through character by following the teaching of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H). World's darkness can only be wiped out by adopting Islam in its true spirit, undoubtedly. Iqbal's poetry is a true manifesto for Muslim nation. |
| Keyswords: | Alla Iqbal, Young Generation, Ideology, Optimistic, Young Mind, Abilities, Positivity, Revolution, True Spirit, Muslim Nation, True Manifesto |
| Pages: | 103-116 |
| Article: | 9 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)9 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)9 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | This article presents an analytical study of important journals on Iqbal. The magazine which published Iqbal number in the life of Allama Iqbal is called “Nerang-e- Khayal”. This magazine has a priority in publishing Iqbal number. This article identifies the magazines that published Iqbal number before the establishment of Pakistan. Notable among these magazines are “Nerang-e-Khayal”, “Johar” and “Tolo-e-Islam”. These journals have played a pivotal role in advancing the tradition of fiqr-e-Iqbal. The work of important magazines after the establishment of Pakistan has also been highlighted here. These magazines expanded Iqbal’s understanding and furthered the tradition of Iqbalism. Here is a research and critical review of Pakistan’s famous magazines. The study of these journals not only reveals Iqbalism but also the interest of Iqbalists. These magazines have not only highlighted Iqbal’s understanding in Pakistan but also raised Iqbal’s international fame. By reading this article, the general reader can easily get acquainted with the role of Iqbal’s magazines. |
| Keyswords: | Magazines, Iqbal number, Iqbalism, Research, Acquainted, Critical review, International Fame |
| Pages: | 117-132 |
| Article: | 10 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)10 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)10 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | "Ishq bakhair" is a collection of beautiful poems by Rehman Faris, a well known contemporary poet. This book explores subtle details of the aesthetics of art, love, beauty, natural landscapes and feminine beauty. Poem after poem, verse after verse, Rehman Faris sahres his adoration for passionate love, a love that has the magical power to germinate its seeds even into the barren and bleak heart and turn them into a tall, tenacious tree. This tree of love and devotion is an eternal abode of peace and solace for dejected paramours and forlorn lovers. Rehman Faris depicts intricate yet subtle details of beauty in such a charming way that it reflects diverse yet meticulous aspects of nature. In these poems detailed aesthetics of nature not only satiates an avid reader but an enthusiastic appreciation of beauty, a fanciful imagination and a passionate zeal work hand in hand to promote art in its finest form. The poet has succesfully drawn an aesthetic perspective of beauty with such a skill that it keeps readers glued to the book for long. |
| Keyswords: | Ishq Bakhair, Aesthetic, Love, Art, Nature, Beauty, Universe, Sens |
| Pages: | 133-141 |
| Article: | 11 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)11 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)11 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | Ghulam Abbas and Chekhov both are the credible names in the world of literature. Both of them wrote lot of famous and fantastic short stories to promote the literature of their era. The main subject of Ghulam Abbas short stories is taken from the surrounding and his style of writing is very simple and clear to everyone. On the other side Chekhov has also same topics. Their main concern and subject of short stories is to write for the lives of human beings. After comparing Ghulam Abbas and Chekhov's writings we have to know that being different places they have lot of similarities in their visions, topics and artistic writings even one is from Russia and other is from Subcontinent. Whatever they write is full of the taste of art and provide or convey it to the fragrance of art. This research article deals with the comparison of both legendry writers. |
| Keyswords: | Ghulam Abbas, Chekhov, short stories, Russia, Subcontinent, legendry writers |
| Pages: | 142-151 |
| Article: | 12 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)12 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)12 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | Translation is an important type of literature that connects the world with one another through the exchange of ideas, knowledge, and wisdom. Masood Asher belongs to an Urdu literature community that gave priority to translation over other kinds of literature. In addition to being a translator, he is also a novelist and journalist. Masood Asher was an active journalist in the Zia-ul-Haq era. As a journalist, he faced difficulties but wrote short stories to convey his message. So his writings also describe his relationship with society. He studied several books in English and transferred their ideas to our language while also maintaining our cultural diversity. This article will discuss his translation skills, analyzing his selection of topics, and the transfer of literature from other writers |
| Keyswords: | Literature, Culture, Translation, Enhancing language, Recognition |
| Pages: | 152-161 |
| Article: | 13 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)13 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)13 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | Due to social compulsions the women essayists published their essays using fictitious names. These women essay writers are known as Parda Nasheen in the history of Urdu essay .In this research paper the researchers has analyzed the contributions of these women essay writers, their social compulsions, and their efforts for the publications of their creations. The researchers have shed light on their original names and family background as well. |
| Keyswords: | Urdu Essay, women writers, fictitious names, Magzines, actual names, social problems, efforts |
| Pages: | 162-175 |
| Article: | 14 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)14 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)14 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|
| Authors: |
|
| Abstract: | This article explores Rashid's concept of the past by considering the aesthetic and artistic charm of his poemریگِ دیروز. Rashid is of the view that the past is the symbol of barrenness and nothingness. According to Rashid, the past is overwhelmed by destruction, backwardness, cruelty, ignorance, dictatorship, primitive concept of life. He postulates that the past has nothing to do with our future problems. People who feel nostalgic about the past become a victim of sluggishness. However, he utilises old Persian, Arabic and oriental literature for his creative expression. But he shows no affinity with with the metaphors of the past. Rather, his use of the imagery about the past has a peculiar objective of rejecting the spirit of the past. This reaction against the past is the core and crux of his poetry and it is also reflected in this poem. |
| Keyswords: | Raigg-e-Derooz, Concept of Past, Symbol, Nostalgia, Creative Expression, Emotional Relationship |
| Pages: | 176-183 |
| Article: | 15 , Volume 1 , Issue 1 |
| DOI Number: | 10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)15 |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2020(1-I)15 |
| Download Pdf: |
download pdf
view article
|